ဟံၣ်My WebLinkဘၣ်ဃးဒီး2019.03.18 WRC EC in Cayuga LakeAssessment of Emerging Contaminants in the Ithaca NY Area, 2014-2015 Jose Lozano and Susan Allen-Gil* Ithaca Area Wastewater Treatment Facility * Ithaca College A look into the pharmaceuticals, consumer products and microplastics in the southern Cayuga Lake watershed 2 IAWWTF One of the most comprehensive assessments in US •9 sampling events •7 sites •~ 200 compounds •24-hour composite samples •Raw water at 2 intake locations •time proportional •Influent, Effluent •flow proportional •Grab samples •Biosolids •Cayuga Lake •Analysis •USGS –CO •4 different methods Antibiotic Anticonvulsant Antidepressant Antifungal Antihistamine Antiviral Benzodiazepine Diabetics (Metformin) Hypertensives Mescle Relaxants Opiates/Opiods Other (Non Pharmaceutical) Other Pharmaceuticals Stimulant THE STARTING POINT: DRINKING WATER INTAKE June 2014 July 2014September 2014 December 2014May 2015 ng/L0 10 20 30 40 50 Atrazine Nicotine Metformin June 2014 July 2014September 2014 December 2014May 2015 July 2015ng/L 0 50 100 150 200 250 •Six Mile Creek water is cleaner than Fall Creek Water (note scales differ) •Metformin, atrazine, nicotine, and acetaminophen found most often and at highest concentrations •Detectable, reportable, but less than 1 pinch of salt on 10 tons of potato chips •Doesn’t mean that is what comes out of your sink! (just atrazine! 35 nanograms/L) Six Mile Creek Fall Creek 3 Raw vs Treated Drinking Water Compound 7/15/2015 9/15/2015 12/15/2015 Atrazine -56.0 na na Benzophenone na na na Bromoform na na Only in treated water Camphor -3.3 na -4.2 Carbamazepine na -17.7 Only in treated water Chloroxylenol na na Only in raw water Isophorone -13.8 na na Metolachlor -56.7 na na methyl-1H-benzotriazole na na na Metformin Only in raw water na Only in treated water Tris(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP)Only in treated water Only in raw water na Venlafaxine na Only in treated water na 56% decrease from raw to treated Median 17% decrease in conc. from raw to treated water, but limited data. •CARU= 10 •CDWS = 18 •CDTW = 8 •IRWS=7 Specific Compounds by Site Total concentrations by major compound group Hormones: two orders of magnitude higher in WI than in WE samples PCDU compounds and pharmaceuticals were an order of magnitude higher in INF than EFF samples Pesticides were only compound group found in higher concentrations in SW/DW than INF or EFF Influent (WW-INF), effluent (WW-EFF), surface water and drinking water sites (SW/DW). Note: log scale and difference scales per compound group Surface Water Samples CARU: Cayuga Lake CDWS: Cornell DW Untreated COWT: Cornell DW Treated IRWS: Ithaca DW Untreated 24 compounds were detected in one or more of the samples Seven compounds were commonly detected in more than 25% of these samples 2 pesticides (atrazine and metolachlor) 2 pharmaceuticals (metformin and carbamazepine) 1 PCDU compound (camphor) 2 other compounds (isophorone and methyl-1H-benzotriazole) 100%! Comparison to NY Streams Cayuga Lake: atrazine and metformin in 90th percentile SW/DW samples are similar to (and in many cases, less than) those found in New York State streams (45 sites). IAWWTF performance at removing ECs Homer NY 2014 11 INF Loading [Lb/day]Hormones Pharma P/A Biochems PC/DU Plasticizers Other PAH Overall mean 109.9 2,889.1 7,945.4 1,706.1 1,472.4 1,449.5 5.8 % Removal Efficiency 97.3 79.0 98.0 66.1 44.6 48.9 90.9 Expected load to biosolids 107.0 2,281.3 7,784.1 1,128.6 656.4 709.2 5.3 INF Loading [Lb/day]Metformin Caffeine Overall mean 1,145.3 3,728.8 % Removal Efficiency 15.3 95.6 Expected load to biosolids 175.2 3,563.9 Fate of ECs 12 Compound Amount Removed [Lb/day] Biosolids Content [Lb/day]Difference [Lb/day] Hormones 107.0 1.77E-06 107.0 PC/DU 1,128.0 2.43 1,125.6 P/A Biochem 7,748.1 0.68 7,747.4 Plasticizers 656.4 0.03 656.4 PAH 5.3 0.04 5.3 Other 709.2 0.04 709.2 Selected compounds mass balance between amounts removed from the effluent and present in biosolids. The difference between these is the amount destroyed, lost, or chemically modified. Fate of ECs Poof! Where did they go? Current Microplastics Research •Process: –Sampling 4 lake sites for last 2 years plus effluent –50 um net –Density separation, hydrogen peroxide digestion, staining –Grid counting, epifluorscence microscopy –Raman spectroscopy •Discover Cayuga Informational Boat Tour! –June 19 (rain date of June 26, ~6-8 pm) –By Invitation only, targeted audience Link to CCE Video: http://ccetompkins.org/environment/water-conservation- quality/microplastics Intrinsic fluorescence Acetate (F1 Canadian Celanese)Acrylic (F5 Asahi Chem. Co.) Cotton (cheese cloth) Merino wool IAWWTF Effluent MicroPlastics, MP, and MicroFibers, MF. Average flow during sampling period was 7.608 MGD 24hr Flow-proportional composite samples Emerging water quality concerns: pharmaceuticals & microplastics Please join us for a friendly and informative boat tour on the Cayuga lake floating Classroom June 19 to 7:00 to 9:00 PM (rain date: June 26) Snacks and beverages included Leaving from Treman Marina. Limited space, please RSVP at your earliest convenience: floatingclassroom@gmail.com A multi-year collaborative project between IAWWTF, Ithaca College, Cornell University, USGS, and Cornell Cooperative Extension THANK YOU!